Category of function
A Function category may
depends on whether arguments are presents or not and whether a value is
returned or not. It can be divided in following category.
1. Function with No
Argument and No return value.
2. Function with
Argument and No return value.
3. Function with
Argument and with return value.
4. Function with No
Argument and with return value.
1.
Function with No
Argument and No return value
è When a function has no
argument, it does not receive any data from the calling function similarly when
it does not return a value, the calling function does not receive any data from
the called function.
è There is no any data
transfer between the calling function and called function.
Ex,
#include<stdio.h>
void sum(); //prototype
void main()
{
sum(); //calling
}
//body of function
void sum()
{
int a,b,c;
printf(“\n Enter any No1 :”);
scanf(“%d”,&a);
printf(“\n Enter any No2 :”);
scanf(“%d”,&b);
c=a+b;
printf(“\n Sum
=%d”,c);
}
As shown in above example the function sum() is not
receiving any value & not returning
any value to the main function.
2.Function With Arguments and No return values
è In this type of user
defined function the main function or calling function takes value and passes
the values to the user defined function.
è The function receive
any data from the calling function but does not return a value to the calling function.
è When main() passing any
arguments to the udf so the arguments in main() is called actual argument and
received argument in function is called format argument The actual argument
& format argument should match in number, type and order.The values of
actual arguments are assigned to the format arguments on a one by one basis.
Ex
void main()
{
-----------
function1(a1,a2,a3……….an);
^ ^
Function
call Actual argument
}
//Calling function
function1(f1,f2,f3…………fn)
^
Formal argument
{
-------------------
--------------------
}
When function call is made only a copy of the values of
actual arguments is passed into the called function.
Ex
void sum(int,int);
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
printf(“\n Enter any No :”);
scanf(“%d”,&a);
printf(“\n Enter any No :”);
scanf(“%d”,&b);
sum(a,b);
}
void sum(int x,int
y)
{
int z;
z=x+y;
printf(“\n sum %d”,z);
}
Is shown in above example main() send two argument of int
data type to udf calculates its sum & prints it on the screen.
3.Function With Argument and With Return Values
è In this type of the
called function receive any data from the calling function or main function,
process on it and also returning back to the calling function .
è This is the two way
data communication process.
Ex
int sum(int,int);
void main()
{
int a,b,c;
printf(“\n Enter any No :”);
scanf(“%d”,&a);
printf(“\n Enter any No :”);
scanf(“%d”,&b);
c=sum(a,b);
printf(“%d”,c);
}
int sum(int x,int y)
{
int z;
z=x+y;
return(z);
}
As shown in above example main() sends two arguments of int
data type to udf & udf calculate the sum
and return back answer to calling function in main and print it.
4. Function with No Argument and with return value.
è In this type of
function main function or calling function dies not pass any value to the
called function.
è The called function
itself manage the task of getting data, process on it and return the value back
to the calling function.
è Here, the function may
not take any value but returns a value to the calling function.
Ex, int sum();
void main()
{
int c;
c=sum();
printf(“%d”,c);
}
int sum()
{
int z,x,y;
printf(“\n Enter any No :”);
scanf(“%d”,&x);
printf(“\n Enter any No :”);
scanf(“%d”,&y);
z=x+y;
return(z);
}
Posted By : Ruchita Pandya
